On December 8, 2020, the news appeared in several media outlets that the highest point of the planet was even higher than previously considered. We checked whether Everest really rose by 86 cm.
Most encyclopedias and reference books indicatedthat the height of Everest (Jomolungma) is 8848 m. On December 8, 2020, Russian media reported that the mountain “grew” by almost a meter - these are the results of the last dimensions. This was told about this in plot "Vesti", and in material Rossiy newspaper, and in note "Arguments and Facts." According to the publications, the expedition for re -measuring Everest was associated with the 2015 earthquake - experts feared that the highest point of the planet, on the contrary, became lower.
The height of the mountain, located on the border of Nepal and China, was estimated at 8848 m in 1954, when such a study for the first time Spent Indian specialists. Chinese surveyors first Confirmed This result is in 1975, and 30 years later introduced Updated data - 8844.4 m. Until recently, Nepal did not conduct his own calculations and used Indian data. By information The BBC, in 2012, the PRC tried to put pressure on the Nepal authorities to agree with their assessment of heights. This is what convinced the Nepal government to take its own measurements.
In addition, some geologists really fearedthat after a powerful earthquake of 2015, Everest could "sink" and become lower. This It happened With the top of Langtang-Himal, which was near the epicenter. On the other hand, the Himalayas are located at the junction of tectonic plates that do not stop their movement. Because of this, the height of Everest and other peaks of the Gimalaev could, on the contrary, increase.
The fundamental difference in the approaches of the two countries was whether it is worth considering in the height of the mountain the size of a snow cap at the top. The Chinese authorities stated that the mountain needed to be measured directly, and they made calculations accordingly in 1975 and 2005. The Nepalians were inclined to the fact that the height of the snow cover cannot be excluded from the height of Everest. Not so long ago representatives of the PRC agreed With the point of view of the Nepalers.
Recent dimensions Passed In two stages. In May 2019, the Nepalic surveyors climbed to Everest, where they deployed a GPS receiver and georadar to measure the depth of snow. At the same time, the groups of their colleagues were waiting in eight areas with a view of the top to fix its height using modern laser theodolites - devices used for topographic shooting. Measurements were specially carried out at sunrise, when atmosphere features minimally distort the results. During the visit of the leader of the PRC, Xi Jinping to Kathmand in October of the same year, two countries announced a joint study. This spring, Chinese experts worked on the northern clone and measured the height of the top using the Beidou system - an analogue of GPS. December 8, 2020, the authorities of the two countries Published A joint statement in which the agreed result was announced - 8848.86 m.
The head of the Nepal expedition Khimlam Gautam He emphasizesthat no assessment is absolutely accurate. There is always an acceptable error, and surveyors strive to find the most probable meaning. Yamin Dan, a colleague of Gautam from the PRC, Pays attention The fact that the movement of tectonic plates at the junction of which is located Everest does not stop. According to the expert, such measurements need to be regularly repeated - "theoretically this should be done every 10-15 years."
Most of the truth
- https://www.nationalgegeographic.com/science/2020/12/new-oight-omount-announced-by-china-and-nepal/
- https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-55218443
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